This pamphlet has been worked out within the framework of the World March of Women against violence and poverty.

We thank Delphine Sanglan, co-ordinator of the Women and Children’s Department of Social Alert, for her close collaboration in the drawing up of this leaflet as well as all the other persons who have made their valuable comments.
We also thank the Ministry of Development Co-operation of the Netherlands and the Christelijk Nationaal Vakverbond (CNV) and the Belgian Confédération des Syndicats Chrétiens (CSC) for having participated in the financing of this publication.
The realisation of this pamphlet has been co-ordinated
by Kattia Paredes Moreno,
Head of the WCL Department “Woman and Work”

Table of contents
A world to change!
Liberty, equality,...              
                Actions               
Why march ?                          
Elimination of violence towards women 
                Actions              
Elimination of poverty 
                Women and decision-making  
                Women and education           
                Women and health             
                Women and economy               
                Actions          
                Initiatives at the international level      

Women have a right and access        
Bibliography         
References of legal texts               
--------------------------


A world to change

We live in a world where billions of people are unemployed, have no access to education and training, health care, decent housing, drinking water, culture and information.

We live in a world where women’s rights are constantly flouted and where several discriminatory laws and practices limit the civil and political rights as well as economic, cultural and social rights of women.

This world must change

This year, throughout the world, women came together to fight against violence and poverty and also for equality, development and peace.  They decided to globalize their solidarity within the World March of Women.

The World March of Women took place this year, on International Women’s Days, on 8 March 2000, in about ten countries worldwide.  Its main objectives are to stimulate a vast solidarity movement of women’s groups, promote equality among women and men, recommend solutions and alternatives with the view to eliminate poverty and violence, encourage government, decision-makers and members of civil society to support and get involved in the promotion of the fundamental rights of women and improve the conditions and quality of life of women throughout the world.
The WCL support this international campaign and wishes to stress the importance of trade union action in the fight against poverty and violence.

The WCL also recalls, beyond the World March of Women, its action for the respect of the fundamental rights of women, as the permanent objective in its daily work.



Liberty, equality,...

“All human beings are born free and have equal dignity and rights”.

Article 1 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights guarantees equal rights to all human beings, without distinction of race, sex and status.

However, women’s rights are flouted all over the world.  They are victims of violence and discriminations, sexual aggression, rape and “merchandising” through the media houses. They have little or no access to education, culture, basic resources, health services, decent housing, participation in political processes, decision-making positions, salary equity and parity and to trade union movements.  In many places, they do not have the right to freely choose their husband nor to decide when to have children.

In spite of the various conventions, resolutions, declarations and other actions, very little of the initiatives end up in promoting and respecting women’s rights.

We recall the many conventions of the International Labour Organization (ILO) on fundamental human rights, employment of women, working conditions, namely the United Nation’s adoption, in 1979, of the Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, and the adoption, in 1995, of a comprehensive action programme at the Fourth UN World Conference on Women.

Meanwhile, very often, governments as well as employers’ and workers’ organizations do not honour their commitments and fail in their duty to protect the rights of women notably because of their lack of political willingness.

The effectiveness of texts, conventions, resolutions and international declarations must not be limited to formal measures taken by States, starting with ratification.  These different instruments should bring about an awareness of the existing problems and enable solutions and strategies of action to be formulated to solve them.

Within the framework of the World March of Women, the WCL wishes to recall that the fundamental rights of women are still not guaranteed in the world and launches an appeal to governments to respect their commitments and ratify and implement the conventions, measures and programmes that enable discriminations and inequality, poverty and violence against women to be eliminated.

Governments as well as workers’ and employers’ organizations owe it to themselves to guarantee equality of opportunities and treatment in access to training, employment, promotion, organization and decision-making, and to obtain equal conditions with regard to salaries, benefits, social security and other social allowances linked to employment.
ACTIONS:

As a trade union organization, you have an important role to play in the struggle for respect of the fundamental rights of women.


You can:
·                Disseminate at your workplace, the content of the different texts and international conventions such as the Universal Declaration on human rights and the Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women.
·               Write an article on these different texts and conventions for your newsletter, newspaper or magazine ·                Invite speakers to speak on various themes linked with women’s rights
·               Listen to workers and be attentive to their concerns
·               Eliminate all forms of discrimination in your workplace
·               Inform and sensitize your members and affiliates on the subject of women’s rights
·               Set up a committee with the aim of fighting against harassment and encouraging respect for differences and equal opportunities
·               Work to improve the different legal instruments and ILO standards
·               Know the commitments made by your government, at the international level and lobby your government to fulfill them


Why do women march?

This year, thousands of women are marching against poverty and violence throughout the world.  The WCL is marching alongside its women and supporting the international demands of the World March of Women.

The two main demands of the Women’s World March are the elimination of violence against women and the eradication of poverty.

Elimination of violence towards women

Violence towards women exists, has always existed and will continue to intensify in all the regions of the world.

In paragraph 113 of the Action Plan of the 4th UN World Conference on Women organized in Beijing in 1995, the expression “violence towards women” means

“Every act of violence directed against the female sex and causing or being able to cause prejudice or physical, sexual and psychological suffering, including the threat of such acts, the hindrance or arbitrary deprivation of freedoms, whether it is in public or private life, it constitutes the violation of the rights and fundamental freedoms of a person and partially or totally prevents women from enjoying the said rights and freedoms”.

Violence manifests itself in different ways, ranging from verbal violence (insults and verbal aggression) to physical violence (beatings and injuries, rape, sexual exploitation, genital mutilations, incest and homicide) including psychological violence (sexual harassment, tyrannical behaviour, silence, repudiation, deprivation of freedom, forced marriage, slavery and manipulation). Violence against women also includes sterilization or forced abortion as well as the killing of little girls.



The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that two million people are sexually mutilated every year, mainly in Africa, Middle East and Asia, as well as in Europe, Australia and North America.


Reported rape cases
(for 100 000 women aged 15 years and above),
1994, UNDP

Country
Nicaragua                                             109.7
Australia                                               199.1
Bahamas                                               220.5
Canada                                  267.3
Estonia                                  463.6

“The fundamental rights of women include the right to be in control of their sexuality, as well as matters concerning their sexuality and procreation, without hindrance, discrimination or violence”.
Paragraph 96 of the Action Plan of the Fourth UN Conference on Women, 1995.

Violence against women at their workplace is also on the increase.  According to the ILO, violence at the workplace is caused by a combination of factors including the individual, the environment and working conditions, the relationships between employees, relationships between the latter and clients and finally, the relationship between management and employees.

 
 Examples of acts of violence at work:
Homicide, rape, theft, beatings and injuries, brutality, harassment (including sexual or racial harassment), persecution, tyranny, oppression, intimidation, threats, exclusion, insults and total silence.


One of the most common forms of violence at the workplace is sexual harassment by a superior.  According to the ILO, a comprehensive national survey carried out in Germany in 1991 by the Federal Institute of Occupational Health and Safety revealed that 93% of the women interviewed had suffered from sexual harassment in their workplace during their professional life.

Women often find themselves in vulnerable situations because of their position and status in the labour market, namely precariousness of their job, badly paid jobs and low-level jobs, whereas men generally occupy the highest-level positions and thus earn more from their hierarchical superiority.

According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), persecution of a subordinate or a colleague at work is one of the increasingly condemned forms of violence. The person who behaves in this manner seeks to belittle the other by using vindictive, cruel, malicious or humiliating methods. For example, the person makes life difficult for those who are capable of doing the work better than himself, shouts out his orders, does not accept any other way of doing things than his own, refuses to delegate thinking that he is the only trustworthy person, punishes the other person through constant criticisms or withdrawing the person’s responsibilities due to an alleged incompetence.


Women victims of violence are intimidated, very often afraid to act for fear of reprisals, and are often kept in a subordinate position or status in society.

Women who live in absolutely precarious conditions, and are victims of discrimination based on their race, language, ethnic background, culture, age, opinion, social condition, religion, sexual orientation, as well as women migrants or refugees are even more vulnerable.

According to the ILO, more than half of all Filipinos employed abroad are women, majority of whom work as housemaids and in the entertainment industry. Studies have shown that these women employees from the Philippines, in a frequent and disproportionate manner, are victims of acts of violence linked to their job: the employers pull their hair, beat them, hit their hands with specific objects, burn their skin, bump their head against the wall or even splash them with toxic and dangerous liquids. It also often happens that the employers confiscate their passports to force them to remain at work.



All these forms of violence are an attack on the fundamental rights and dignity of women. No custom, religion, cultural practice or political power can justify violations of fundamental human rights.


ACTIONS:

Trade unions have an important role to play in the prevention of violence and the protection of women against violence.

You can:
·               Sensitize and train your members on the issue of violence with regard to women as the violation of their fundamental rights
·               Appeal for the appropriate legislation against violence
·               Organize an awareness and prevention campaign on violence against women
·               Publize the laws, actions and new directives so that others can use them as examples
·                Encourage programmes that condemn violence particularly, violence at work , at the level of businesses
·                Participate in setting up procedures promoting the denunciation of violent incidents 


You can also put pressure on your government to:
·               Take measures to fight against sexual harassment, sexual mutilation, forced marriages and all other forms of violence against women
·                Recognize that all forms of violence against women are violations of fundamental human rights and can not be justified by any religion or cultural practice
·               Ratify and/or apply the existing international conventions and resolutions such as the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, the Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women and the Convention on the protection of rights of all migrant workers
·               Aim at the elimination of all forms of trafficking of women and children, through international cooperation
·                Implement action plans to stop violence against women, concentrating on prevention and the sensitization of the public,  research and statistics on violence against women, protection of victims and the fight against sexual abuses

Elimination of poverty

“Abject poverty and feminization of poverty, unemployment, increasing fragile environment, continued violence against women and the fact that half of humanity is excluded from institutions where authority and power are wielded, are strong evidences of the need to continue to work for development, peace, security and to find the means to ensure sustainable development centered on the human being. It is important that women, who represent half of humanity, participate in decision-making, if we want this quest to succeed.  This is why only a new era of international cooperation between governments and peoples based on a spirit of

partnership, an equitable social and international economic environment and the radical transformation of relationships between the sexes in a partnership based on real equality will allow us to take up  the challenges of the 21st Century”.

Paragraph 17 of the Action Programme of the Fourth United Nations Conference on Women, 1995

Today, the world population is nearly 6 billion, of which, a third live below the threshold of extreme poverty.

According to the World Bank, 1.5 billion people lived on less than $1 a day in 1999. 

According to the UNDP, each year, an additional 25 million people find themselves under the poverty line, majority of whom are women.


The over-representation of women in the population of the poor is explained by the fact that women occupy jobs in the badly paid economic sectors, often illegally, without job security and without occupational and social legal protection.  They find themselves in the informal sector or free zones where salaries and working conditions are akin to quasi-slavery.
The globalization of markets has led women to an extreme state of economic inferiority. Inequalities are on the increase and rights are neither respected nor protected since they ae subordinated to market demands and profit.

The economic crisis and structural adjustment programmes have lead to disastrous effects on the standard of living, breakdown of public services, employment, etc.  Women are the first victims of a reduction in incomes, dismissals and the removal of food aid. They also have less access to education and health care.

Women must, furthermore, put up with “the double working day”: they are forced to engage in an economic activity and at the same time, take on family and domestic responsibilities.  This also implies an unequal workload between the sexes and also limits the ability of women to compete, under the same conditions, with men on the job market.



According to the ILO, women repesent between 60% and 80% of the total of urban workforce employed in commercial activities and they dominate the open market and petty trading in West Africa.


Women represent half of the world’s population and provide two thirds of the working hours.  Nevertheless, they only earn 10% of the world income and posses less than 1% of the world’s fortune.

“During the last 10 years, the number of women living in poverty has increased more rapidly than men, particularly in the developing countries.  The feminization of poverty has also become a significant problem in transition countries due to the short term consequences of political, economic and social transformations”.
Paragraph 48 of the Action Programme of the Fourth UN World Conference on Women, 1995

States, in collaboration with organizations and civil society, trade union and employers’ organizations, are obliged to implement policies, programmes and action plans to fight against poverty including specific measures to eliminate poverty of women and guarantee their economic and social independence through the exercise of their rights, such as the right and access:
                ·                to power
                ·                to education
                ·                to health care
                ·                to work



Women and decision-making


Poverty is characterized by exclusion from decision-making and civil, social and cultural life. Women are often not represented or under-represented in the different decision-making organs.

In many compagnies, but also in politics, women in general don’t hold  a high position. In Parliament, in important executive functions (Ministers, Secretaries of State, Governors,...) and political parties, women are still highly underrepresented.

In some countries, women still do not have the right to vote and stand for elections.

Top executive positions occupied by women, 1998.  Source: UNDP

Country                                    Rate (%)
United Arab Emirates 0.0
Indonesia                                            1.6
Russian Federation                            4.7
Egypt                                                     4.9
Belgium                                                 5.3
Thailand                                                6.3
Mexico                                                  6.6


This situation is also found in trade union organizations where women rarely occupy management positions even within teachers’ and nurses’ trade unions where they rather form the majority of members.  Trade union organizations have not adapted to changes taking place in the labour world, starting with the significant increase in the participation of women at work, in a wide range of professions. The management of these organizations, generally continue to reflect the origins of the workers’ movement in heavy industry and as such, it is predominantly masculine.

The reasons for which women do not often gain access to management positions are multiple, such as the existence of stereotypes about masculine and feminine capabilities, meeting places and timetables fixed to suit men and not women, who must take on the triple load of their family responsibilities, work and trade union activities, etc.

“To eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable development, men and women must fully participate, on an equal footing, in the formulation of policies and the macro-economic and social strategies. The elimination of poverty cannot be achieved solely on the basis of poverty alleviation programmes but requires  democratic participation and a change in economic structures to guarantee equal opportunities and access to resources and public services for all women”.
Paragraph 47 of the Action Programme of the Fourth UN World Conference on Women, 1995

Management positions
occupied by women
(percentage of the total),
available last year. Source: UNDP

Country
Syria                                      2.9
Bangladesh                          4.9
Japan                                     9.5
Turkey                                   11.5
Cuba                                      18.5
Switzerland                           20.1

Women and education

“The States concerned are taking all the appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination towards women in order to assure them of the same rights to education as men”.
Article 10 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

Women do not have the same conditions of access to education and different professional orientations as men: in fact, young girls often do not have access to scientific knowledge and training channels on new technologies which would help them to have access to fast growing sectors and to high paid careers. Neither do they have the same opportunities for scholarships, literacy programmes and continuous education.

Literacy rate of adults
(percentage of the population over 15 years),
1998. Source: UNDP

Country                    Women                  Men
Niger                                      7.4                           22.4
Nepal                                     21.7                         56.9
Yemen                                   22.7                         65.7
Pakistan                                28.9                         58.0
Morocco                               34.0                         60.3
Togo                                      38.4                         72.5
Sudan                                    43.4                         68.0
Guatemala                              59.7                         74.9
China                                      74.6                         90.7

Women and health

Women have little or no access to health care, notably because of the structural adjustment programmes launched by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).


Each year, half a million women die of pregnancy related complications and more than 200,000 from complications related to abortion.


However, they are more prone to diseases and job accidents due to the bad conditions in which they work, they do not benefit from programmes and health prevention campaigns, and are unable to buy medicines needed to cure themselves and their family.


According to the UNDP, health expenditure per inhabitant is $5 in Nigeria, that is only  42% of the minimum required and  $3 in Ethiopia, that is 25% of the required minimum.


Not all women benefit from maternity protection: their right to maternity leave is often not respected, they are not always allowed to interrupt their job to nurse their children and risk being dismissed if their employer finds out that they are pregnant. In many countries, women  are even required to take pregnancy tests when they apply for a job to ensure that they are not pregnant.

Women and the economy

According to the International Labour Office (ILO), the rate of participation of women in workforce and economic activity in general is increasing constantly.

Rate of economic activity of women
(aged 15 years and above),
1998. Source: UNDP

Country                                                      Rate (%)
Thailand                                                             73.1
China                                                                  73.2
Ghana                                                                   80.8
Cambodia                                                              81.7
United Republic of Tanzania                             82.1
Mozambique                                                       83.0

The policies in place, which are purveyors of inequality are often the cause of insecurity for women.  The latter are excluded from the high levels of decision, and find themselves in the informal sector, homework, domestic work, where they are victims of sub-status, precarious working conditions, insecurity and even sometimes bad treatment.

According to the ILO, despite a continuos increase in the rate of participation of women in workpower during the last twenty years, working women continue to face greater difficulties than men in getting employment and they constitute the group that is the most vulnerable  when it comes to unemployment. One finds the vast majority of working women in jobs with very low qualifications, very low salaries, poor security and the worst work conditions.
Being the target of discrimination in the labour market, women more than men, particularly in developing countries, set to work in the non-structured urban sector and to subsistence activities in the rural areas.

Women increasingly find themselves in the informal sector because it allows them to have family income. It also happens that income-generating activities in the informal sector are the only source of income for families.  Women who work in the informal sector do not enjoy any social and economic protection, and often work in very bad conditions: long working hours, insecurity, unsanitary conditions, bad weather etc.


According to the ILO, in West Africa, more than two thirds of women in urban areas are in the informal sector.


In their search for cheap labour, compagnies resort to sub-contracting, which has encouraged homework. Women who work at home are particularly exposed to exploitation and are often excluded from the protection and benefits offered by labour laws.

Despite the existence of many international conventions  that guarantee equal opportunities and treatment, discrimination persists: women do not benefit from the same job selection criteria, free choice of profession, same right to promotion, same allowances and conditions of work.  Furthermore, they even have less right to social security, unemployment benefits, to paid leave and to pension.

Poverty eradication must be a priority for national and international policies.  States are well aware of the crucial role they must play but workers’ and employers’ organizations and even individuals must also take concrete action.

ACTIONS:

As a trade union organization, you can contribute effectively to the eradication of poverty.  The following are some actions you could take to fight for the respect of the fundamental rights of women.


1.             Women and decision making

You can lobby your government to:
·               Take all the necessary measures to put an end to discrimination against women in political life such as giving specific positions to women and a quota system which allows women to be represented
·               Promote women’s access to decision-making positions
·               Take steps to ensure equal participation of women in political bodies 

You can also:
·               Sensitize women and men on the importance of the participation of women and men in decision-making
·               Put in place training and retraining programmes for women to enable them to have access to positions of responsibility and participate in the electoral process
·                Encourage the election of women to positions of responsibility within your organization
·               Support the participation of women in the decision-making process
·               Review employment criteria to cater for equal opportunities 

2.             Women and education

You can lobby your government to:
·               Take measures to make access to education universal
·               Put in place training programs for women, particularly those who are unemployed
·               Facilitate access of the young girls to training on new technologies and in scientific channels
·               Take into consideration the peculiar situation of female children
·               Respect the commitments made at the World Conference on Education for All of 1990 (Jomtien) and the 2000 World Education Forum (Dakar) 

3.             Women and health  

You can lobby your government to:
·               Ensure equitable access of women to health care ·                Guarantee women the access to social security, family planning methods and maternity protection
·               Put in place health education programmes, on prevention and treatment of childhood diseases, transmissible diseases and malnutrition
·               Ensure access to food and drinking water 

You can also:
·               Put in place health education and sensitization programmes
·               Insist on the need to sensitize the female working population on the risks of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases
·               Organize an awareness campaign on accidents and diseases to which women are exposed at their workplace  

4.             Women and the economy 

You can lobby your government to:
·                Recognize the inalienable right of all human beings to work
·               Fulfill its commitment in order to achieve equal opportunities in employment
·               Take the necessary measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the employment sector
·               Respect the fundamental rights of working women
·               Ratify and implement the different international standards and conventions of the International Labour Organization
·               Demand an end to structural adjustment policies which lead to a drastic reduction in social and public expenditure
·                Guarantee to all women the same working conditions as men
·               Ensure decent, adequately paid work for women, under conditions promoting respect for the rights and dignity of workers
·               Impose respect for national standards in export free zones 

You can also:
·               Organize a campaign for the respect of the fundamental rights of women workers such as freedom of association, non-discrimination in employment, equal remuneration and security
·                Encourage the adoption of codes of conduct including international labour standards
·               Fight against dismissal of old or pregnant women
·                Encourage the election of women to positions of responsibility within your organization
·               Support the participation of women in decision-making processes
·               Review recruitment criteria to include equal opportunities
·               Put in place training and retraining programmes for women to gain access to positions of responsibility and to participate in the electoral process

Initiatives at the international level

At the international level, many actions can be implemented to fight against poverty.

You can:
·               Demand debt cancellation for all poor countries
·               Mobilise for equitable distribution of wealth
·               Support the establishment of a tax on short term financial transactions to be used for social development
·               Fight for better working conditions in the export free zones where the situation and working conditions of women are terrible
·               Lobby so that free trade agreements respect the rights of working men and women
·               Fight against structural adjustment programmes which affect social policies
·               Defend the lifting of embargoes and blockades decreed against several countries, which affect mainly women and children 

You can also put pressure on your government to:
·                Implement policies, programmes, plans of action and national projects for the fight against poverty including specific measures to eliminate poverty among women

To contribute to poverty eradication, it is also indispensable that member States of the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)1 increase the amount they allocate to Official Development Assistance (ODA).

Some examples of ODA
(OECD source), 1997:

Country                   Percentage of its GNP
United States                                       0.09
Japan                                                     0.22
United Kingdom                                  0.26
Germany                                                0.28
Canada                                                  0.34


These States should respect their commitments, which consist in devoting 0.7% of their GNP (Gross National Product) to ODA.

In 1997, the total ODA from the 21 richest countries was 48 billion dollars. If these countries fulfilled their commitments and paid 0.7% of their GNP, an amount of 153 billion dollars would be collected each year and would effectively contribute to the elimination of poverty.
Actions in 22 OECD member countries:

You can lobby your government to:
·               Respect its commitment to devote 0.7% of its GNP to ODA
·               Increase ODA
·               Adopt a transparent aid policy


Women have the right and the access:

TO BASIC RESOURCES
Drinking water;
Production and distribution of food
to ensure food security for the population;
Decent housing;
Health services;
Social protection;

TO CULTURE

TO CITIZENSHIP
Recognizing citizenship through access to
official documents (identity card);
Equal participation of women in political processes

TO NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES
Ownership of family property and to the equitable distribution of inheritance;
Credit

TO EDUCATION
Literacy
Vocational training
Scientific and technological knowledge

EQUALITY OF WORK
Equity and equal salaries at the national
and international levels;
Minimum salary
Protection for home-based women
workers and those in the informal sectors of the economy;
Creation of trade unions and freedom of association;
Decision-making positions
Respect of labour standards (in every workplace including the free zones) as adopted by the International Labour Organization.

EQUALITY IN THE SHARING OF TASKS

Bibliography:

World Confederation of Labour (WCL): Evaluation et décisions –Vers une vraie égalité de genre?, 2000

WCL: Gender and informel sector, 1999

List of global demands of the World March of Women at http://www.ffq.qc.ca

International Labour Office (BIT) : Les femmes et le monde du travail :les coûts sociaux d’un réel progrès, 1996

ILO: La participation des femmes dans les syndicats, Worker Education, 90-1993/1

ILO: Violence at Work by Duncan Chappell and Vittorio Di Martino, Geneva, 1998

International Labour Organization (ILO): Genre, pauvreté et emploi : guide d’action, 2000

ILO: Travail, Le magazine de l’OIT, La violence au travail, nº 26, September-October 1998

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP): Rapport mondial sur le développement humain, 2000


References of legal texts:

Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, (Beijing, 4-15 September 1995), United Nations at gopher://gopher.un.org:70/00/conf/fwcw/off/a-20.fr

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, United Nations, 18 December 1979

Universal Declaration on Human Rights, United Nations, 10 December 1948.

1 Member countries of the Development Assistance Committee of the OECD are Germany, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, United States, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxemburg, Norway, New Zealand, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland.


World Women’s Committee

Asia
B.A.T.U  ( Brotherhood of Asian Trade Unionists )
Janet Dellaban
P.O. Box 163
Manila
Philippines
Tel. : 63 2 524 07 09
Fax : 63 2 521 83 35
E-mail : batu@iconn.com.ph

Africa
O.D.S.T.A  ( Organisation Démocratique Syndicale des Travailleurs Africains )
Angelique Correa
Boîte Postale 4401
Lomé - Agoenyive
Togo
Tel. : 228 250710
Fax : 228 266113
E-mail  : odsta@cafe.tg

Latin America
C.L.A.T ( Central Latinoamericana de Trabajadores )
Myriam Luz Triana Alvis
Calle 39 A, n° 14-48
Apartado Aéreo 5415
Santafe de Bogota -
Colombia
Tel.: 57 1 288 15 60  / 288 15 82
Fax : 57 1 573 40 26
E-mail : cgtd@col1.telecom.com.co

Central and Eastern Europe
CNS Cartel Alfa
Valentina Contescu
Splaiul Independentei, nr 202 A,
cam. 324-325
Sect 6 Bucarest
Rumanie
Tel. : 40 1 212 66 39
Fax : 40 1 212 66 31
E-mail: alfa@cartel-alfa.ro

Western Europe
FCG/ÖGB (Fraktion Christlicher Gewerkschaften im Österreichisten Gewerkschaftsbund )
Christine Gübitzer
Hohenstaufengasse 12
1010 Wien
Österreich
Tel. :   00 43 1 534 44
Fax   : 00 43 1 553 444 499
E-mail : Christine_Gubitzer@goed.or.at